| Plastics | Adhesion to low-surface-energy materials and flexibility are frequent priorities. Formulations may use adhesion-promoting components; flexible grades may be needed for films or parts that bend. | Identify the exact polymer. Clean off oils and release agents; corona, flame, or plasma treatment may improve surface wettability on compatible plastics. Some materials may require a primer or a substrate-specific ink. | Heat-sensitive plastics can limit allowable exposure to the curing unit. Confirm the ink cures through the printed film without distorting the part; pigment opacity and print thickness affect cure. | Check adhesion after the specified conditioning period, flexibility or bend performance where relevant, and resistance to the actual cleaners or chemicals used in service. |
| Glass | Strong adhesion to a smooth, non-porous surface is central. Glass-compatible systems may use adhesion promoters or be paired with a suitable primer. | Remove fingerprints, dust, and processing residues with a validated cleaning process. Some applications use a primer or surface treatment; confirm compatibility with the glass and required end-use performance. | Ensure sufficient UV exposure reaches the ink film, particularly for opaque or heavily pigmented colors. Product geometry and shadows can create uneven exposure in some setups. | Evaluate adhesion and abrasion or chemical resistance after curing. For containers or other regulated uses, verify applicable product-contact and end-use requirements separately. |
| Metal | Adhesion to the specific metal or coated finish is important. Formulations may be selected for the surface's flexibility, corrosion environment, and intended durability. | Remove oil, dirt, and oxidation as appropriate. Aluminum, steel, and pre-coated metals can behave differently, so test on the actual alloy and finish; a primer or pretreatment may be needed. | Metal tolerates heat differently from many plastics, but part geometry, coating, and ink film still affect the process. Confirm complete cure and avoid assuming that surface dryness proves full cure. | Test adhesion, scratch and abrasion resistance, and exposure to expected moisture or chemicals. Assess flexibility if the printed metal will be formed after printing. |
| Paper and paperboard | The surface may be absorbent, coated, or highly variable. Formulation and deposit are chosen to balance image quality, adhesion, rub resistance, and the desired surface finish. | Check whether the stock is coated, uncoated, or treated, and control dust and moisture where practical. Coatings, varnishes, and recycled fibers can change ink holdout and adhesion. | UV ink generally cures at the surface rather than drying by absorption like conventional water-based ink. Control ink deposit and exposure to limit cure problems, set-off, or unwanted changes to the paper. | Inspect cure, rub resistance, blocking, and appearance on the production stock. Confirm that the printed sheet remains suitable for folding, die-cutting, or other finishing steps. |